The Impact of Oral Health Measures on the Oral Health Condition and Oral Health Related Quality of Life Among Children with Type One Diabetes Mellitus (Case-control study)
Volume 11 , Issue 2 , August 2024 , Pages 27-39
Authors
Rehab H. Hammeade 1 ; Aras M. Rauf 2
1 Department of Pedodontics and Community Oral Health, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.
2 Department of Pedodontics and Community Oral Health, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.
10.17656/sdj.10190
Keywords
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the oral health preventive program and vitamin C administration on oral
health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Methods: A total of 88 diabetic children, aged 8–12 years, attending the pediatric endocrine center of Dr. Jamal Ahmed Rashid
Pediatric Hospital in Sulaimani City, were enrolled and randomly assigned into 3 groups: study group 1 (n = 29), with supervised tooth
brushing and mouthwash used for oral health care, study group 2 (n = 30), with vitamin C supplement added to the regime, and group
3, a control (n = 29). The oral health condition was recorded and assessed using the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), both primary
and permanent caries indices (DMFT/dmft), and gingival index (GI). Children's OHRQoL was measured using a validated structured
questionnaire. All scores were recorded at the baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months’ duration, while the questionnaire was
distributed twice, before and after the implementation of the preventive program.
Results: The OHI-S scores significantly decreased in the 1st and 2nd intervention groups (p = 0.002) and (p < 0.001), respectively,
while there were no significant differences in the control group at the end of the study. The GI parameters showed significant differences
in all groups (p = 0.001) with the progression of the study. DMFT scores showed a significant increase for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd groups.
On the other hand, dmft scores showed a significant decrease in all study groups. All groups showed a significant increase in the
COHIP-SF 19 scores (p<0.001) for each group at the last visit.
Conclusions: The oral health intervention protocol used in the present study showed a significant improvement in the oral health
status and a significant impact on OHRQoL.