Expression of Syndecan -1 and Cyclin D1 in Salivary Glands Adjacent to Salivary Gland Tumors
Volume 11 , Issue 2 , August 2024 , Pages 45-52
Authors
1 University of Sulaimani
10.17656/sdj.10191
Keywords
Abstract
Objective: Investigating the stain localization, inflammation, pattern of distribution, and stain intensity of syndecan -1 and cyclin D1 in salivary gland tissue bordering different salivary gland tumors.
Methods: Twenty-six formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of salivary gland tissue adjacent to previously diagnosed salivary gland tumors were collected and stained with anit-syndecan-1 and anti-cyclin D1 antigens. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, while Spearman’s rho test was used to correlate both markers' expressions.
Results: This study included 26 patients, six males and twenty females, with a median age of 50. The most prevalent site was the minor salivary gland (14 cases). Syndecan-1 accounted for the majority of cytoplasmic expression in various salivary gland components. Tumor type showed a statistical impact on the marker’s expression of both mucous and serous acini, respectively (p=0.000, p=0.010). There was a statistically significant difference in grading of malignancy in the expression of myoepithelial cells (p=0.028), interlobular duct (p=0.005), and serous acini (p=0.023). Cyclin D1 expression was mainly nuclear. A significant relation was found between tumor grading and the marker expression in all salivary gland components. A significant correlation was found between the expression of the two markers.
Conclusions: Syndecan-1 and cyclin D1 showed a significant combined expression in salivary tissue adjacent to different salivary gland tumors. This implies an essential influence of molecular changes in the tumor microenvironment and possible future recurrence and metastasis of malignancies. This could highlight the significance of these markers as an indicator of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies.